John Henry Evans, Joseph Smith: An American Prophet (1933), is a sympathetic account marred by important omissions.
Undercapitalization doomed it from the start, and the panic of 1837 sealed its fate. In 1833 Smith published the "Word of Wisdom," which encouraged members of the church to abstain from tobacco, alcohol, and hot drinks and to eat meat only in winter. All Rights Reserved, info@pearlpublishing.net • 888.499.9666. The concentration of Mormons in the area had allowed them to dominate voting results, arousing the wrath of other citizens.
They joined forces with anti-Mormons in surrounding towns who were jealous of the Mormon’s growing political influence. The Saints were not to use authority unjustly themselves, but to lead only “by long-suffering, by gentleness and meekness, and by love unfeigned.” The Missouri officials allowed Smith to escape his captors in April 1839, and he joined his followers clustered along the banks of the Mississippi near Quincy, Illinois.
Robert Bruce Flanders, Nauvoo: Kingdom on the Mississippi (1965), adds information on Smith's years in Illinois. The home that Joseph Smith was raised in was religiously divided. Among the more prominent features of the terrain were the Indian mounds containing the skeletons of long-dead warriors. Click to listen to: An interview given by Christopher about the book, Without Disclosing My True Identity--The Authorized and Official Biography of the Mormon Prophet, Joseph Smith, Jr. © Pearl Publishing, LLC • The townspeople considered the book a fraud and refused to buy it. In Zion property was to be redistributed to people according to their needs, and their surplus each year was to be returned to a common treasury.
On 12 June Smith was charged with inciting a riot for destruction of the press. For a few years the Mormons remained in Clay County across the Missouri River from Independence, until the Missouri government agreed to open a new area for them, organized as Caldwell County in north central Missouri.
When traveling he would seek seclusion in the woods to “give vent to all the feelings of my heart in meditation and prayer.” In 1839 he was less worried about his sins than about the suffering of himself and his people. For the first time in fourteen years they owned land of their own. On 27 June 1844, while he awaited a hearing, a mob with blackened faces stormed the jail, killing him and his brother Hyrum. Why had God permitted the wicked to separate the Prophet from his people and to drive the Saints from the state? He later reported that on his first trip to see the plates thoughts of their worth crossed his mind, but the angel rebuked him and warned him against the money diggers and thoughts of profit. Joseph Smith, originally Joseph Smith, Jr., (born December 23, 1805, Sharon, Vermont, U.S.—died June 27, 1844, Carthage, Illinois), American prophet and founder of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Byproducts of this journey turned out to be even more significant than the mission to the Indians. Settling in Kirtland, Ohio, the Mormon community evolved into a utopian communal experiment in which the church held all property and each family received sustenance from a common storehouse. The translation went slowly because of work on the farm and other interruptions until the spring of 1829, when, between April and June, the bulk of the work was accomplished. The next spring Smith organized a private army called Zion’s Camp, which proved to be unsuccessful in its attempt to reinstate his followers on their property. In the interim his ideas about the gold plates underwent a change. Enmity toward the Saints was building once again and broke out in violence at an election in August. The Smiths lived in a small house on the Hales’ farm in Harmony and later moved to a house in Fayette, New York, belonging to the Whitmer family, who had heard about Smith from Oliver Cowdery. For the next five or six years church efforts focused on the organization of Zion. Although this system had to be abandoned because of the expulsion from Jackson County, Smith had become accustomed to reordering many aspects of ordinary life along religious lines. Through the Mormon Church Smith’s influence continues to be felt.
Joseph Smith (1805-1844), American religious leader, was the founder of a unique American sect, the Mormons, or the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. On Dec. 23, 1805, Joseph Smith was born in Vermont; in 1816 his family migrated to western New York. Smith’s claims to restore the authority and spiritual gifts of early Christianity appealed to people confused by competing religious denominations. Mormon wrote that the purpose of the book was to convince its readers that Jesus was Christ and God. The fears of his enemies were only confirmed when Smith announced his candidacy for the presidency in the spring of 1844 and sent missionaries throughout the country to campaign on his behalf. His candidacy meant that Mormons were no longer wooed by Whigs and Democrats, which had made them enemies to whichever party they did not support, and Smith may have believed that, with divine assistance, he could be elected as a preliminary step toward a millennial kingdom. In September 1823 he prayed again for direction and received another revelation. Smith had plans for another temple in Caldwell County at the Mormon settlement of Far West, Missouri, but these ambitions were never realized. For four years Smith went back to the hill on the same day and, according to his account, finally on 22 September 1827 took home the gold plates. Smith came from an unremarkable New England family. Ministers, believing that revelation ended with the Bible, disparaged his story and left him to his own devices, more alienated than ever from established Christianity. His dreams, recorded in detail by his wife, revealed a yearning for redemption and a frustration at not finding it. While digging for treasure in Harmony, Smith met Emma Hale at the house where he was staying, and an attraction developed between them.
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