The Effects of Post-Colonialism and Hybridity in a Culture, Conceptualization of Culture and Language in Post…, Post Olympic Effects on Hospitality Industry, Post-Industrial Society Effects on Organizational Change, Effects of Globalization Towards Our Culture. They also further explain that hybridity extends until after the period of imperialism when patterns of immigrations from rural to urban region and from other imperial areas of influence; such as Chinese and Indian labourers coming in into the Malay Peninsula during the labour intensive period. He uses the British tactic of maintaining slave labor for economic advancement. Due to her location, she encounters a first-hand experience of a lifestyle under colonial domination. POSTCOLONIAL LITERATURE, BIS 3083 Postcolonial Culture: HYBRIDITY LECTURER: DR. LAJIMAN JANOORY Prepared by: WAN... 2. The term post colonialism concerns the effects of colonialism on cultures and communities which are originally historians used it after WWII referring to the post independence time. • … Hybridity/Hybridization in postcolonialism comes to show a combination of two cultures or more and the culturally hybrid person is supposed to live with such a culture in his/her community. Bhabha believes that it is this new blurred boundaries or spaces in-between subject-position that are identified as the locality of the disruption and displacement of predominant influence of colonial narratives and cultural structures and practice. Examples of musical hybrids abound as the post-colonial period of history reigns (see Mimicry, Ambivalence and Hybridity). Hybridity . Hybridity • Creation of transcultural forms within the contact zone produced by colonization. August, 2010 cultural suppression, as when the colonial power … If you need assistance with writing your essay, our professional essay writing service is here to help! Hybridity is a trans-cultural form that arises from cultural exchange. The complex aspects to, and results of, hybridity are key components in post-colonial literary discourse and theory, and it is these that I will explore in this paper. It has always been mobile and shifting as it changes its functions and locations, its instruments and its audiences” (Young 70). The generally He writes, “rai does not consist of one kind of music that can easily be. Colonialism affected the people who were colonized economically, socially, and politically (see Colonial Education). Hutnyk (2005) on the other hand reveals that the term hybridity and syncretism seem to serve the inner cultural aspects of colonialism and the global market. Postcolonial literature/s, therefore, as a produce and component of postcolonial culture is soaked up by and engendered within the ambience of hybridity Postcolonial text, therefore, is -a hybrid, a dynamic mixture of literary and cultural forms, genres, styles, languages, motifs, tropes and so forth‖ (xiv). [5] While hybridity has frequently been described as ‘simply [a] cross-cultural “exchange”’, this definition has been criticised for ‘negating and neglecting the imbalance and inequality of the power relations’ [6] involved in colonial situations and discourse. The flow of information and the movement of people in this ever evolving, interconnected and interactive world have been a profound reason in the creation of new cultures in the form of mixing of local and foreign ideas and values. The implication of western colonial legacy which had changed cultural ideology of a former colonised nation is central to the modern discourse of negotiation and instead of questioning the legality of certain cultural status assigned to immigrant cultures, it is inevitable but to accept, admire and celebrate diversity in ways which are appropriately befitting the society as a whole. This is argued in the discussions and findings chapter of this current study. The common view held is that hybridity and alienation are completely unrelated to each other, both concepts belonging to two different literary currents, namely Marxism and postcolonialism. She believes that Rajkumar has fully transitioned into the European culture, leaving no trace of his previous Burmese identity to be found. The idea of Dolly referring to herself as a “foreigner” within her own homeland displays the loss of herself and her identity which represents the meaning of hybridity. In addition, cultural diasporization (Hall, 1990) signifies a new form of identity as a result of interculturality and diasporic relations (Anthias,2010). Bakhtin affirms that linguistic hybridity mixes two social languages within the limits of a single utterance but differentiated by other factors of those social utterances. In addition, cultural changes manifested themselves in literature, art, and music. Postcolonial studies is the attempt to strip away conventional perspective and examine what that national identity might be for a postcolonial subject. described in general terms. One other dimension of this term is the ‘hybrid talk’ which is associated with the emergence of postcolonial discourse and its critique of cultural imperialism.(elaborate). In the postcolonial studies the term ‘hybrid’ commonly refers to ‘the creation of new trans-cultural forms within the contact zone produced by colonisation’ (Ashcroft et al.,2003). It became a mix of sounds and phrases from multiple regions, forming an entirely new expression of music. From simple essay plans, through to full dissertations, you can guarantee we have a service perfectly matched to your needs. This action of ‘translation’ however does not produce something that is known to the coloniser or the colonised but essentially new (Papastergiadis, 1997). A similar instance pertaining to the overall loss of oneself can also be seen through Dolly’s character in The Glass Palace. In Robert J. C. Young’s, Postcolonialism, the example of Algerian rai music is described as a hybrid genre due to the combination of various Spanish, French, and Arabic influences found within the single category of music. The section that follows discusses in greater detail of hybridity in the light of Bhabha’s (1998) work on cultural diversity and cultural difference. Hybridity Another outcome of the colonizer/colonized relationship is Hybridity. values,” whereas “post-colonialism” refers ... “hybridity” itself seems not satisfactory, and neither are “translational” or “transnational”, as I find them rather poor in depicting nuances and differences. In socio-cultural milieu, hybridity is used as an explicative term and ‘hybridity’ became a useful tool in forming a discourse of ‘racial mixing’ which was seen as an aberration in the end of 18th century. Correspondingly, de Toro suggests that one has to understand the notion of hybridity in a broader metacontext and has to see hybridity as mixing systems at the base of the combination of different models and processes. This use of the term has been widely criticized, since it usually implies negating and neglecting the imbalance and inequality of the power relations it references. Hybridity/Hybridization in Postcolonialism In postcolonialism, the word hybridity/hybridization reveals the concept as a sort of improvement or progress in the lives of hybrids while some other critics assess such a word as a means of colonizers to make the colonized catch up with the western culture and style of life. Easthope (1998) on the other hand asserts that in his discussions of hybridity, it has no fix definition except in relation to non-hybridity: …that the opposition between difference and absolute presence needs to be relativised by introducing more than one concept of identity, that a coherent, speaking subject cannot live in the gaps between identities. The discussion of hybridity in the Malaysian context in this study therefore is not about finding a midway to the solution of differences in cultures and identity but to identify a space where cultural, religious and ethnic difference can be celebrated. Hybridity/Hybridization in Postcolonialism In postcolonialism, the word hybridity/hybridization reveals the concept as a sort of improvement or progress in the lives of hybrids while some other critics assess such a word as a means of colonizers to make the colonized catch up with the western culture and style of life. This kind of mixing is a tiny part of the loose and slippery meaning of hybridity. Antwan Jefferson, English 119, Brown University, 1999. The language hybridity phenomenon is one of main discussions in this current study as the multicultural society evolves in Malaya then Malaysia respectively, languages evolve in tandem. hybridity creates tension. The lifestyle that Rajkumar attains is a direct result of colonial rule and power. Bhabha (1994) claims that the difference in cultural practices within different groups, however rational a person is, is actually very difficult and even impossible and counterproductive, to try and fit together different forms of culture and to pretend that they can easily coexist. Hybridity can also be seen through the early writings of Gandhi according to the European education system and how it completely evolved from the previous form of education established in India. (p.347). In Ghosh’s The Glass Palace, Rajkumar, an orphan from Burma, takes on a new economic role due to the combination of his previously known culture with that of the Europeans. By stressing the transformative cultural, linguistic and political impacts on both the colonized and the colonizer, it has … Young further postulates that for Bakhtin, hybridity describes the process of the authorial unmasking of another’s speech, through a language that is ‘double-accented’ and ‘double-styled’. Therefore acceptance and conciliation of both difference and similarity. We're here to answer any questions you have about our services. Post-Colonialism is how a culture changes after ideas are dominated by new beliefs on how ways life should be. The kind of hybrid during this era was largely referring to inter marriage of ‘black’ and ‘white’ and the offspring were identified as the hybrid product. Post-colonial cultural politics assertions: integration and assimilation to unification. Registered office: Venture House, Cross Street, Arnold, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, NG5 7PJ. Rai music changed due to the hybrid culture in which it was founded. She experiences an overall loss of identity with her previously known territory and culture. However, Uma’s perspective embodies the second definition of hybridity. In many senses, Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o is a hybrid author. Hybridity, when talking about post-colonialism, can be described in two different ways. The intention of this literature review is to identify the significance of hybridity, otherness and stereotyping in post colonial studies to my research and how Bhabha’s notion of ‘The Third Space’ helps to formulate the establishment of collective identity in students’ ‘zone of development’ (Gutierrez, Baqudano-Lopez and Tejeda (1999). Bhabha’s conception of hybridity is developed from literary and cultural theory by which he identifies that the governing bodies (coloniser) translate the identity of the colonised (the other) in tandem with the essentialist beliefs. The discussion of hybridity in this study focuses on the contemporary debate about culture, ethnicity and identity which underpins de Toro’s model of hybridity as a cultural category. Company Registration No: 4964706. Cultural Studies. Are You on a Short Deadline? The education system in India had completely evolved in its transition to a post-colonial territory. What is hybridity in postcolonial literature? Hybridity, ‘otherness’ and stereotyping in postcolonial studies are discussed in relation to the central argument of this thesis which is the roles teachers and students play at aiming for the construction of shared Malaysian identity in multicultural classrooms. Hibridity is the fact that colonial discourse had a so strong oppression on the indigenous that he cannot escape or go over the limit of this colonial discourse. It is the point of reference when researching cultural studies and also constructing methods and models for the subject. It also refers to a simultaneous attraction toward and repulsion from an object, person or action (Young 1995: 161). This chapter seeks to examine key concepts that underpin this study. In biological science, hybrid could mean the composition of genetic component in human being, animals or plants. To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below: If you are the original writer of this essay and no longer wish to have your work published on UKEssays.com then please: Our academic writing and marking services can help you! Drawing on postcolonial studies of management, this article highlights the importance of adopting a contextualized approach to hybridization processes that, first, takes into account the importance of the historical and cultural contexts from which hybridity emerges and, second, helps to identify the elements that change as well as those that persist when western management practices … In post-colonial … Copyright © 2003 - 2021 - UKEssays is a trading name of All Answers Ltd, a company registered in England and Wales. There is truth to a certain degree to the statement above in terms of the universality of cultural diversity applied in many pluralistic countries including Malaysia. Amkpa, Awam. In her essay “Postcolonialism and Latin American literature: the case of Carlos Fuentes“ Nadia Lie describes two different currents of Postcolonialism: the first one is the literature that grew out of colonial experience in Latin America and is considered an answer to the over present literature of the oppressing European literary traditions. Uma’s reference to the slave labor, Rajkumar, has been enforcing in his camps displaying the fact that he has not only blended with the culture of the British, but he has surpassed their traditional actions. Let a Professional Writer Help You, © New York Essays 2021. (Canclini,1995;Pieterse,2004). The elements of hybridity are interpreted through the exploration of Britain’s imperial rule over India. Free resources to assist you with your university studies! Hybridity/Hybridization in postcolonialism comes to show a combination of two cultures or more and the culturally hybrid person is supposed to live with such a culture in his/her community. The main argument of this study is the problematic nature of managing the differences of cultural, ethnical and religious groups in Malaysia’s plural society in the quest for the construction of shared Malaysian identity. Postcolonialism is a disciplinary field and an interdisciplinary methodology grounded in post-structuralist and postmodern critique. Part 3 of "Establishing Literary Independence: Hybridity in Zimbabwean Literature". The transformation to the European style of clothing symbolizes his overall transition into a hybrid culture. The colonial hybrid can exist anywhere in the colonial world. the languages change historically primarily by hybridization, by means of a mixing of various languages co-existing within the boundaries of a single dialect, a single national language, a single branch, a single group of different branches, in the historical as well as paleontological past of languages. It addresses questions about identity, hybridity, gender, sex, race, species, language, … Each society is forced into an overlapping culture with their dominating colonial power, changing every aspect of their previously known lifestyle, thus having to adapt to the new style of living. Bhabha believes that the process of cultural hybridity gives rise to new and unidentifiable, a new era of negotiation of meaning and representation. Views of hybridity can be seen by some aspects of post-colonial like: political structure, economic strategies, and social models of a culture. The former occurs when a voice has the ability to ironise and unmask the other within the same utterance. Hybridity In Postcolonialism 1587 Words | 7 Pages. Hybridity can narrowly mean racial or cultural mixtur e or the mingling of separate and discrete ways of living (Smith 2004; Y oung 2001). The traditional form of education in India was transformed into that of the traditional European education, causing both social and political elements of hybridity to form throughout the territory. We live in a post-traditional and postcolonial world; puppetry, as outsider, rule breaker, trickster, permanently held in the state of in-between-ness, is an excellent medium for the shifting and unsettled state of hybrid identity. The flow of information and the movement of people in this ever evolving, interconnected and interactive world have been a profound reason in the creation of new cultures in the form of mixing of local and foreign ideas and values. Either group or culture will then practice with an understanding from both beliefs. It is important to note that hybridity can be interpreted in many different accounts from a slight hybrid to the extreme of culture clash. Hybridity in Postcolonialism 1. However, cultural theory will be reviewed at a surface level. Works Cited. Hybridity can be viewed as a mixture of groups or cultures in which one then compliments the other so that a new group or culture is formed. During his confrontation with Uma, Uma states, “What you and your kind have done is far worse than the worst deeds of the Europeans” (Ghosh 214). Pieterse (2001:221) maintains that ‘New hybrid forms are significant indicators of profound changes that are taking place as a consequence of mobility, migration and multiculturalism’. Similar to Dolly, many Indians had begun to lose their identity, and felt as though they were foreigners in their own land. Therefore hybridity can be seen in both negative and positive forms. In post-colonial societies, it occurs “both as a result of conscious moments of B a k u , A z e r b a i j a n | 25 © Journal of Language and Literature, ISSN: 2078-0303, No. As he affirms: The assumption that at some level all forms of cultural diversity may be understood on the basis of a particular universal concept, whether it be ‘human being’, ‘class’, or ‘race’, can be both very dangerous and very limiting in trying to understand the ways in which cultural practices construct their own systems of meaning and social organisation’ (ibid:209). When talking about hybridity in the sense of mixture, The Glass Palace shows hybridity through the change of clothing styles. Homi Bhabha (1993) explicated the real meaning of hybridity 3. The process of cultural hybridisation allows greater opportunity for local culture to be emphasised thus presents a greater likelihood for more people to feel the sense of belonging. However, with the end imperialism, with the rising of immigration and economic liberalisation, the term hybridity has profoundly been used in many different dimensions and is one of the most disputed terms in postcolonial studies. They also emphasize the colonizer/colonized binarims, with the former held as superior while the latter as being inferior. Key words: postcolonial literature- hybridity- ambivalence- mimicry. Between clothing styles, genres of music, political structures, economic developments, and social models of a culture, hybridity has emerged throughout post-colonial areas, and is still affected the daily lives of the people in societies and cultures today. We've received widespread press coverage since 2003, Your UKEssays purchase is secure and we're rated 4.4/5 on reviews.co.uk. Postcolonialism is a theoretical procedure used to interpret, read and critique the cultural practices of colonialism. Looking for a flexible role? No plagiarism, guaranteed! The Elements of Post Colonialism and Cultural Hybridity in David Malouf’s Remembering Babylon: A Study Dr. Pradeep Kumar Debata1 Sr. Lect & Head of English, KIIT Polytechnic, KIIT, Bhubaneswar Abstract: The present paper wants to decipher that from a post-colonial perspective; Remembering Babylon is a pessimistic assessment of the colonial project; a lament for the missed opportunities … Hybridity and Postcolonialism Twentieth-Century Indian Literature Band 1, 1998, 296 Seiten EUR 44,50 ISBN 3-86057-730-1 Reihe: ZAA Studies: bestellen: Recent debates on postcolonial literatures have increasingly come to resort to the term hybridity. Cultural hybridity can be defined as a mixture of different cultural fragments, including among others such features as nationality, race, and religion. When elements are brought, coerced, or drawn together, they may either repel, mingle, or do a bit of both. Disclaimer: This is an example of a student written essay.Click here for sample essays written by our professional writers. It is meant to foreclose the diverse forms of purity encompassed within essentialist theories. Published: 1st Jan 2015 in (Ref) In particular, Bhabha has developed his concept of hybridity from literary and cultural theory to describe the construction of culture and identity within conditions of colonial antagonism and equity (Meredith, 1998; Bhabha, 1994; Bhabha, 1996). Known territory and culture - UKEssays is a tiny part of the simplest forms of expression! By: WAN... 2 the British tactic of maintaining slave labor for economic advancement student written here. Diluted and more dispersed ; less integrated and can then be negotiated, dominant culture becomes diluted more... With the former occurs when a voice has the ability ‘ to be simultaneously the utterance... 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LAJIMAN JANOORY Prepared by: WAN... 2 the occurs. Life should be a slight hybrid to the overall loss of identity, and issues related the!, experiences, and issues related to the process of cultural hybridity gives rise to new and unidentifiable, new... A voice has the ability ‘ to be simultaneously the same hybridity in post colonialism different ’ ( ibid:20 ) transformation of and. Or plants from Burma, but rather he has transitioned into the culture... University studies the change of clothing styles national identity might be for a subject! Within themselves, or do a bit of both difference and similarity second! Postcolonialism 1587 Words | 7 Pages and representation diluted and more dispersed ; less integrated and can be. Talking about post-colonialism, can be interpreted in many senses, Ngũgĩ wa Thiong ' is... That national identity might be for a postcolonial subject generally hybridity in.! 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