The week does not depend on the solar year or lunar month. The Year Regulated by the Festivals.—The Hebrews needed no astronomical cycles to correct their calendar year so long as they kept the Passover as it was prescribed in the Law. NOTE: Since the name Veadar has been introduced here for the 13th month, the term Nisan may as well be employed hereafter for the first month, as well as the other names that were taken over from the Babylonians after the return from captivity. 554 pp. The Islamic calendar, the Hebrew calendar, and the Hindu calendar also use months to divide up the year. Local Calendars Retained Under Persian Rule.—When Cyrus the Persian conquered Babylon, he did not incorporate Babylonia into Persia under a provincial government; rather he annexed the kingdom to his earlier domain and took the title of king of Babylon in addition to his title of king of Media and Persia. In Hebrew, the only name for the first six days of the week is a counting name: "First day", "Second day", etc. Kislev is known as a season of security, trust, and bringing things full circle. It was logical to number as first, the month that followed the inserted 13th month, for in that way the sequence of numbers would never be interrupted. Hebrew calendar months are supposed to be lunar months. Whether they first arrived as exiles after the destruction of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar, as did the group who took the prophet Jeremiah with them, we do not know; but the references to religion in these papers reveal the same conditions that Jeremiah deplored—the mingling of paganism with the worship of Jehovah. Festival of Sacrifice: The Past and Present of the Islamic Holiday of Eid al-Adha. But these double dates proved to be excellent evidence of their genuineness, for they synchronize the Egyptian and Jewish calendar dates in a way that enables us to calculate the very days on which they were written. The 7th year was also the “year of release,” for the remission of debts (Deuteronomy 15:1-15). Thus in that year the month that would have begun the new year would be a 13th month instead, later called Veadar (Heb.wa’adar, literally, “and-Adar”), a second Adar; then the following new moon would begin Nisan (See note) late enough for ripe barley on the 16th. The final six months of the Jewish calendar are Tishri, Cheshvan, Kislev, Tevet, Shevat and Adar. Featuring a body of complex regulations, exceptions, and mathematical rules, it is also designed to satisfy a number of requirements conveyed in the Jewish Holy Scripture. When the number of days between this Rosh Hashanah and next is 355 days in a regular year (or 385 days in a leap year), an extra day is needed.
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